Horticulture Important Question

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Important Question Papers on Horticulture

1. Loss of angularity in the fruit is a common means for maturity indication of this fruit:
(a) Pineapple
(b) Banana
(c) Papaya
(d) Mango

2. This post-harvest treatment is intended to minimize the redistribution and transmission of pathogens from adhering soil, infested fruit or vegetable surfaces and in water disinfection
(a) Washing
(b) Irradiation
(c) Sorting
(d) Chlorination

3. This Act aims to establish a single reference point in our country for all matters relating to food safety and standards, by moving from multi- level, multi- departmental control to a single line of command
(a) Food Safety and Standard Act, 2001
(b) Food Safety and Standard Act, 2010
(c) Food Safety and Standard Act, 2006
(d) Food Safety and Standard Act, 2016

4. ‘Grape guard’ is a brown sheet containing ______ in which Sulphur dioxide is released in the package around the bunches that retard the growth of molds
(a) Sodium metabisulphite
(b) Salicylic acid
(c) Sodium benzoate
(d) Aminoethoxy Vinylglycine

5. This is a method of packaging fruits and vegetables in which semi-permeable polymeric films are used to create modified atmosphere around the fresh produce that is high in CO2 and low in O2.
(a) Intelligent packaging
(b) Vacuum Packaging
(c) Controlled Atmosphere Packaging
(d) Modified Atmosphere Packaging

6. The climacteric fruits are characterised and differ from non-climacteric fruits mainly due to –
(a) They have much better taste when ripened after harvesting
(b) Their ability to ripen properly only after harvest
(c) Their change in colour after they are detached from the tree
(d) The presence of respiratory peak after the fruits are detached from the plant

7. A jelly is a semi-solid product prepared by boiling a clear, strained solution of ______containing fruit extract, free from pulp, after the addition of sugar and acid
(a) Cellulose
(b) Starch
(c) Pectin
(d) Ascorbic acid

8. Enzymatic browning is a biochemical process in which some fruits and vegetable tissues take on a brown color when exposed to
(a) Ethylene
(b) Carbondioxide
(c) Oxygen
(d) Vacuum condition

9. The common method for preservation of fruit juices, R.T.S and nectar in which heating at boiling temperature or slightly below it for a sufficient length of time to kill the microorganisms which cause spoilage, is called
(a) Sterilization
(b) Pasteurization
(c) Asepsis
(d) Minimal processing

10. ______ may be used for Hybrid seed production of brassicas, solanaceous and asteraceae crops
(a) Cytoplasmic male sterility
(b) Vegetative apomixis
(c) Self incompatibility
(d) None of these

11. The chief objective of hybridization is to create
(a) Variation
(b) Clones
(c) Superior yielder
(d) Resistance genes

12. In the theories of heterosis and inbreeding depression, at each locus the dominant allele has favourable effect, while the recessive allele has unfavourable effect. In heterozygous state, the deleterious effect of recessive alleles are masked by their dominant alleles. This hypothesis is
(a) Single gene heterosis
(b) Over dominance hypothesis
(c) Dominant hypothesis
(d) Super dominance theory

13. Autogamy is the closest form of inbreeding, and it leads to
(a) Heterozygosity
(b) Homozygosity
(c) Both (a) & (b)
(d) None of these

14. This refers to maturation of anthers and stigma of the same flower at different times, leading to cross pollination
(a) Dicliny
(b) Dichogamy
(c) Heterostyly
(d) Herkogamy

15. The genetic material, DNA or RNA is localized in the chromosome and its contents are relatively ______ from one generation to the next.
(a) Constant
(b) Variates
(c) Sequenced
(d) Combined

16. In perennial fruit crops breeding, F1 hybrids are subjected to selection of superior phenotypes, due to….
(a) Non-availability of other techniques
(b) Uncertainty in fertilization
(c) Phenotypic expression is most reliable
(d) Long breeding cycles

17. The parent of Amrapali, a mango cultivar improved through hybridization, is
(a) Ratna x Dashehari
(b) Ratna x Alphonso
(c) Dashehari x Neelum
(d) Neelum x Alphonso

18. Genetic transformation for crop improvement is very conservative technique because the new cultivar will only be improved by the
(a) Addition of new genes
(b) Deletion of genes
(c) Both addition and deletion of genes
(d) Manipulation of gene sequence
19. The following vectors are used to transfer genes in plants, exception is
(a) Viruses
(b) Plasmids
(c) Transposable elements
(d) Bacteria

20. Somatic hybrids in citrus were obtained with chemical fusion of competent citrus protoplasts, of which one parent was a protoplasts and the second parent was isolated from
(a) Seedling leaves
(b) Nucellus
(c) Embryo
(d) Ovary

21. In banana, ______ is useful in rescuing embryos of sexual crosses that fail because the hybrid embryo aborts.
(a) Ovule culture
(b) Embryo culture
(c) Test tube fertilization
(d) None of these

22. In tomato, increased shelf life is achieved by developing transgenic tomatoes that inhibit decreased level of
(a) Abscisic acid
(b) Ribosome inhibiting protein
(c) Chitinase
(d) Polygalacturonase

23. In plant tissue culture, virus free plantlets are developed from
(a) Vascular tissues
(b) Root hairs
(c) Apical meristem
(d) All of these

24. When cryopreservation is done at a temperature of -1960C in ______ the plant cells stay in completely inactive state and can thus be conserved for long periods
(a) Solid carbon dioxide
(b) Deep freezers
(c) Vapour phase nitrogen
(d) Liquid nitrogen

25. The specific conditions for patent application of biological meterials does not include
(a) Discovery of a product of nature
(b) The invention must have novelty and utility for the society
(c) The product must be inventive i.e., skills have been applied to it
(d) It must be reproducible and disclosed

26. Production of triploid plants which are self sterile and usually seedless, is achieved through
(a) Pollen culture
(b) Embryo culture
(c) Endosperm culture
(d) Anther culture

27. Cultures of plant tissues from which of the following is not totipotent?
(a) Cambium
(b) Pith
(c) Cortex
(d) None of these

28. The path for ascent of sap in plants is the
(a) Phloem
(b) Xylem
(c) Cortex
(d) Epidermis

29. In green plants, highest transpiration occurs through the
(a) Leaves
(b) Flowers
(c) Stem
(d) All of these

30. Which of the following statement is false about phytohormones?
(a) They are organic substances
(b) They are produced naturally by plants
(c) Their site of action is similar to their site of production
(d) They are active in minute amounts

31. Photosynthesis occurs only in the visible part of the spectrum of lights, between wavelengths of
(a) 200 nm to 250 nm
(b) 300 nm to 450 nm
(c) 400 nm to 750 nm
(d) 600 nm to 950 nm

32. Maximum absorption of water in plants takes place in the ….
(a) Zone of root hairs
(b) Root tip
(c) Meristematic zone
(d) Lateral roots

33. In order to induce drought hardiness in plants, they maybe treated with low water levels couples with
(a) High light intensities
(b) High phosphorus fertilizers
(c) Low nitrogenous fertilizers
(d) All of these

34. The water potential of those containing solutes, in a living cell is
(a) Positive
(b) Negative
(c) Zero
(d) Changes constantly

35. The opening and closing of stomata is controlled by the guard cells, in which the stomata remains open in the presence of light, because the guard cells
(a) Take up water and become turgid and opening the pore
(b) Lost water and pull the inner walls apart
(c) The rigid inner walls are opened by light penetration
(d) Higher temperature releases water vapour and thus open the pore

36. When an extension worker approach a large number of people spread over large areas for disseminating new improved production technology, it is called
(a) Mass communication
(b) Public communication
(c) Local communication
(d) Group communication

37. National Demonstrations are first line demonstrations conducted on the farmers field by
(a) Research scientists
(b) Extension scientists
(c) Development staffs
(d) Extension officers

38. Concept of integrated rural development programme includes
(a) Establishment and expansion of cottage and village industries
(b) Development of rural roads and transport
(c) Development of agriculture and allied pursuits
(d) All of these

39. The extension work must be based on
(a) Constantly helping the people with latest technologies only
(b) The interest of progressive farmers
(c) The needs and interest of the peoples
(d) The interest and market demand of local mandis

40. The T & V system was proposed by
(a) Dr Banerjee
(b) Dr. Reddy
(c) Dr. Daniel Benor
(d) Kelsey and Hearney

41. The Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) techniques approach aims to ______ in the planning and management of development projects and programmes
(a) Incorporate latest scientific discoveries
(b) Incorporate the knowledge and opinions of rural people
(c) Focus on progressive farmer’s
(d) Incorporate use of information technologies

42. The first KVK was established at Pondicherry in the year
(a) 1972
(b) 1974
(c) 1976
(d) 1978

43. In Frontline Demonstration (FLD), the person directly involved in planning, execution and monitoring of the demonstrations for the developed technologies is..
(a) The farmer
(b) The extension worker
(c) The scientist
(d) The VLW

44. Country ploughs, bakhar and patela are the most popular traditional implements used in our country for
(a) Sowing seeds
(b) FYM application
(c) Weeding
(d) Seed bed preparation

45. Improved equipments for intercultural operations in crop cultivation includes….
(a) Khurpi and country plough
(b) Cultivator and rotary tiller
(c) Digger and power thresher
(d) Sickle and spade

46. The highest energy requirement for farm operations in agriculture sector was for ………
(a) Irrigation
(b) Fertilizer application
(c) Seed sowing
(d) Harvesting

47. Renewable energy sources that can be utilized for energy production in horticulture farming includes…
(a) Solar, fuel wood and coal
(b) Solar, wind and biomass
(c) Biofuel and petroleums
(d) Wind and petroleums

48. Most of the agricultural tractors used for ploughing, harrowing, sowing, harvesting, etc are four wheeled type with an average horse power of …
(a) 10 to 15
(b) 20 to 25
(c) 30 to 35
(d) 60 to 65

49. A power tiller is a machine having
(a) Single wheel
(b) Two wheels
(c) Three wheels
(d) Four wheels

50. The parts of a tractor that mainly requires attention in giving lubrication, besides the engine unit and the engine accessories is
(a) The clutch
(b) The transmission
(c) The chasis
(d) All of these