Geography Sample Questions and Answers

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Sample Questions and Answers on Geography

1. The complexity of any food web does not depend upon the ……………
(A) Diversity of organisms in the systems
(B) Length of the food chain
(C) Homogeneity of organisms in the systems
(D) Alternatives at different points of consumers in the chain

2. The amount of plankton to be found in the ocean is not determined by ……………..
(A) Depth of the water
(B) The ocean currents
(C) Temperature and salinity
(D) Length of the day and night

3. It was emphasised by India that ‘The removal of poverty is an integral part of the goal of an environmental strategy for the world in ………..
(A) U.N. Conference on Human Environment at Stockholm, 1972
(B) The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, 1985
(C) Preparatory Committee Meeting, Geneva, 1991
(D) U.N. Conference on Environment and Development, Nairobi, 1992

4. Study dealing with the relation of individual species to its environment is known as ……………
(A) Synecology
(B) Autecology
(C) Community ecology
(D) Population ecology

5. Ramsar Convention’ is mainly known as the convention of …………..
(A) Wetlands of International importance
(B) Hilly Forests of National Significance
(C) The law of the seas
(D) Hazard waste management

6. Deep ecology does not support :
(A) Continuing inquiry into the appropriate human roles on our planet
(B) Root cause analysis of unsustainable practices
(C) Enhancement of human consumption
(D) Conservation and restoration of ecosystems

7. Assertion (A) : One of the main objectives of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is to coordinate the activities of State Pollution Control Boards and resolve the dispute among them.
Reason (R) : The CPCB is the international board and has a central office as well as a network of zonal offices located in various places in the world.
Which one of the following is correct ?
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true

8. Arrange the following stages in the history of demographic transition in sequence using codes given :
(1) Low birth and death rates
(2) Decline in both birth and death rates
(3) High birth and death rates
(4) Decline in death rates while birth rates remain high
(A) (3), (4), (2), (1)
(B) (3), (2), (1), (4)
(C) (1), (2), (4), (3)
(D) (1), (3), (4), (2)

9. Consider the following statements and select the correct option from the codes given :
(1) A primate city is usually a disproportionately large city.
(2) A primate city is the one that is invariably a religious centre
(3) A primate city is exceptionally large compared to the second largest city
(4) India has primate cities.
Codes :
(A) (1), (2) and (3) are true
(B) (1), (3) and (4) are true
(C) Only (3) is true
(D) Only (1) is true

10. Which of the following factors does not alter the total size of the population of a country ?
(A) External migration
(B) Internal migration
(C) Higher fertility compared to mortality
(D) Refugee migration across the border

11. Which is the most densely populated regions of the world ?
(A) Equatorial region
(B) Tropical region
(C) Temperate region
(D) Sub-Arctic region

12. Assertion (A) : High birth rates display large proportion of population in younger age groups.
Reason (R) : Industrialization has been a factor in bringing down fertility rate.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true

13. Which is a small settlement usually characterized by a single economic activity ?
(A) Hamlet
(B) Village
(C) Rurban Centre
(D) Urban fringe village

14. Physiological/Nutritional density is calculated as :
(A) Number of people per square unit of land
(B) Number of people per square unit of farm land
(C) Number of farmers per unit of farm land
(D) Physical carrying capacity of land

15. A bulge in population pyramid indicates :
(A) Unusually high fertility or mortality or changes in population due to effects of migration
(B) The effects of war or famines
(C) That the population is ageing at an unusually fast pace
(D) That females join the workforce in large numbers

16. Ageing at the base occurs …………
(A) When the proportion of the population in child-age groups remains constant due to fertility decline
(B) When child mortality rate shows distinct decline
(C) When fertility declines and new birth cohorts are smaller than previous ones
(D) When great fluctuation is seen in successive age cohorts

17. Which cost is incurred in the process of moving and which are principally made up of fuel costs and wages ?
(A) Overheads cost
(B) Transfer cost
(C) Line-haul cost
(D) Comparative cost

18. Which of the following is the correct sequence about the wind-energy producing countries of the world in descending order ?
(A) Germany, Spain, USA, India
(B) Spain, China, Canada, India
(C) USA, Australia, Spain, India
(D) India, Spain, USA, Germany

19. Alfred Weber identified three factors that determine the location of industries :
Transportation, Labour Costs and ……………
(A) Least cost
(B) Agglomeration
(C) Location of competitors
(D) Maximum revenue location

20. Which of the following countries, whose economy is entirely dependent on the production of petroleum ?
(A) Kuwait
(B) Venezuela
(C) Iraq
(D) Iran

21. Which of the following statements is not correct about Nomadic herding ?
(A) It is a form of intensive subsistence agriculture involving the grazing of domesticated animals on natural pastures
(B) It is practised in large belt of arid and semi-arid lands
(C) It is an aboriginal form of livestock raising
(D) Nomads select the type and number of animals for the herd according to local, cultural and physical characteristics

22. The Union and Pacific Railway connects :
(A) New York to San Francisco
(B) Halifax to Vancouver
(C) Paris to Istanbul
(D) Perth to Darwin

23. Which of the following statements is/are not correct ?
(a) V. Nath divided India into 15 macro regions
(b) Ashok Mitra divided India into 5 macro regions
(c) Prakash Rao and L.S. Bhatt divided the country into 7 macro regions
(d) Chandrashekhar divided India into 13 macro regions
(A) (a) and (d)
(B) (b) and (c)
(C) (a) only
(D) (d) only

24. Select your answer from the codes given below :
Assertion (A) : Balance of trade records the volume of goods and services imported as well as exported by a country to other countries.
Reason (R) : If the value of exports is more than the value of imports, the country has a negative balance of trade.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true

25. Which of the following statements about Von Thunen’s theory is not correct ?
(A) According to Thunen’s model concentric ring-I has market gardening and milk production
(B) Thunen’s models concentric ring-II has firewood and lumber production
(C) Thunen’s model concentric ring-III has livestock farming
(D) Thunen’s model concentric ring-IV has food crop farming with fallow land

26. In year 2016, which one of the following has the higher rank in Human Development Index ?
(A) Sri Lanka
(B) Bhutan
(C) India
(D) Bangladesh

27. Assertion (A) : Tribal people in India are generally concentrated in relatively inaccessible parts of the country.
Reason (R) : All the tribal people in India practice shifting cultivation Which of the following is correct ?
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false
(D) (A) is false but (R) is correct

28. The National Health Policy (updated in 2017) focuses on which of the following ?
(a) Growing burden of the noncommunicable diseases.
(b) Emergence of robust health care industry
(c) Growing incidences of catastrophic expenditure due to health care costs.
Codes :
(A) (a) and (b)
(B) (a) and (c)
(C) (b) and (c)
(D) (a), (b) and (c)

29. Select the correct option(s) for the statement from the codes given below :
A region is more diverse culturally if it :
(a) has homogeneous population composition
(b) has heterogeneous population composition.
(c) receives voluminous in migration.
(d) is geographically isolated.
Codes :
(A) Only (a) and (b)
(B) Only (b)
(C) Only (b) and (c)
(D) Only (c) and (d)

30. Which boundaries result when a smaller state is absorbed by a larger one ?
(A) Relict
(B) Superimposed
(C) Subsequent
(D) Antecedent

31. Who has divided the globe into Geostrategic realms ?
(A) Bassin
(B) Cohen
(C) Kjellen
(D) Parker

32. Harlan Barrows in the 1940s, for the first time proposed which term that encompasses the study of how human responses to the environment reflect the specific composition of the culture group involved ?
(A) Cultural Geography
(B) Cultural Ecology
(C) Cultural integration
(D) Cultural diffusion

33. Which of the following is a rich source of data on the caste Hindu Population ?
(A) 1921 Census
(B) 1931 Census
(C) 1941 Census
(D) 1951 Census

34. Santhals are predominantly found in which part of India ?
(A) Northern
(B) Eastern
(C) Southern
(D) North-Western

35. The presence of Baruhi, Kurukh-Oraon and Gondi dialects in North India suggests the earlier stage of destruction of which family of languages ?
(A) Austro-Asiatic
(B) Dravidian
(C) Sino Tibetan
(D) Indo-European

36. Which is not a characteristic of culture ?
(A) Culture is hereditary
(B) Culture is dynamic
(C) Culture is adaptive
(D) Culture is symbolic

37. Assertion (A) : Ritter’s concept of organic unity in nature was based on the principles of divine creation.
Reason (R) : Ritter was teleological in his approach.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(C) Both (A) and (R) are false
(D) (A) is true and (R) is false

38. Which of the following is not correct with reference to post-modernism in geography ?
(A) Scepticism towards grand claims
(B) Rejection of Metanarratives or grand theory
(C) Deconstruction as a mode of critical interpretation
(D) Use of binary classification

39. Which of the four geographers are credited for having re-established geography as an integrated science ?
(A) Elisee Reclus, Ferdinand Von Richthofen Alfred Hettner and Vidal-de-la-Blache
(B) Friedrich Ratzel, Arnold Guyot, Alfred Hettner and Vidal-de-la-Blache
(C) Friedrich Ratzel, Ferdinand Von Richthofen, Alfred Hettner and Vidal-de-la-Blache
(D) Friedrich Ratzel, Ferdinand, Von Richthofen, Alfred Hettner and Otto Schluter

40. Arrange the following philosophers in ascending order starting from their periods :
(i) Eratosthenes
(ii) Thales
(iii) Aristotle
(iv) Herodotus
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(C) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
(D) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)

41. Which of the following refers to the belief that geography and history are methodologically distinct from other systematic sciences because they are peculiarly concerned with the study of the unique and the particular ?
(A) Positivism
(B) Humanism
(C) Radicalism
(D) Exceptionalism

42. In reaction to whose work, Hartshorne wrote several articles and finally the book, ‘‘Perspective on the Nature of Geography’’ ?
(A) Ackerman
(B) Haggett
(C) Sauer
(D) Schaefer

43. Which one of the following does not represent a dichotomy in Geography ?
(A) Physical and Human
(B) Political and Historical
(C) Regional and Systematic
(D) Quantitative and Qualitative

44. Humboldt studied the rocks of the Andes mountains and disproved the earlier theory of sedimentary origin of all rocks proposed by whom ?
(A) Werner
(B) Buache
(C) Busching
(D) Davis

45. Who in 1905 clearly expressed the logical arguments concerning the place of the Earth’s body in the field of Geography ?
(A) Ritter
(B) Hettner
(C) Sauer
(D) Richthofen

46. While Davis’s concept projected geography as the study of man-land relationship from a deterministic perspective, who viewed geography as the study of covariants of human distributions over the earth’s surface ?
(A) Hettner
(B) Ratzel
(C) Richthofen
(D) Schulter

47. Read the statements and select the correct option given below :
(1) EMR travels at the speed of light
(2) EMR cannot pass through vacuum
(3) EMR has two fields : Electric and magnetic
(4) The wavelength and frequency are proportional to each other
(A) (1), (2), (3) and (4) are true
(B) (1), (3) and (4) are true
(C) (1) and (2) are true
(D) (1) and (3) are true

48. Read the statements given below and select the correct option :
(a) Vector data has complex data structure than raster data
(b) Vector data is not compatible with remote sensing images
(c) Vector data is efficient for network analysis
Codes :
(A) (a) and (b) are true but (c) is false
(B) (a) and (c) are true but (b) is false
(C) (a), (b) and (c) are true
(D) (b) and (c) are true but (a) is false

49. Distance between isotherms indicates :
(A) Temperature gradient
(B) Pressure anomaly
(C) Temperature lag
(D) Deviation from normal temperature

50. Altimetric frequency curve is used for :
(A) Computation of population distribution
(B) Computation of pressure distribution
(C) Computation of rainfall distribution
(D) Computation of elevation above sea level